E36-4 Steel
E36-4 Supplier in Tunisia
E36-4 steel is a historical French designation associated with structural steels used in engineering, steel construction and industrial fabrication.
This historical grade designation may appear in older engineering drawings, technical specifications and industrial project documents. Its identification and comparison with modern European or international grades require verification of the original standard.
Structural steels in this general family are selected for applications requiring suitable mechanical strength, fabrication characteristics and structural performance in assembled or welded components.
Emirerri Steel supports industrial buyers and project contractors with the supply of steel materials, piping products and specialty metals for the oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, construction and mining industries.
Key Properties
E36-4 is a historical designation whose exact technical characteristics must be verified against the original specification.
The main properties to evaluate include:
Classification: Structural steel, subject to verification of the historical specification.
Designation: Historical French steel designation.
Mechanical Strength: To be confirmed according to the applicable standard and product thickness.
Toughness: To be verified against the original impact-test requirements.
Weldability: Depends on chemical composition and carbon equivalent.
Fabrication: Must be evaluated according to the actual material condition.
Applications: Structural frameworks, industrial equipment and engineering projects.
Modern Grade Comparison: Selected S355 grades may be investigated, but equivalence is not automatic.
E36-4 Chemical Composition
| Element | Symbol | Maximum (%) |
| Carbon | C | 0.2 |
| Silicon | Si | 0.55 |
| Manganese | Mn | 1.6 |
| Phosphorus | P | 0.035 |
| Sulphur | S | 0.035 |
E36-4 Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Yield Strength | 355 MPa (up to 16 mm) |
| Tensile Strength | 510–680 MPa |
| Elongation | Minimum 20% |
| Impact Toughness | 40 J at -20°C |
| Hardness | Not specified as a fixed limit |
E36-4 Physical Properties
| Property | Typical Value |
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 200–210 GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.3 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 50 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 470–500 J/kg·K |
| Melting Point | 1,450–1,520 °C |
Grade Specification Comparison
Since E36-4 is a historical French designation, comparison with modern international grades requires careful evaluation of the original technical requirements.
| Steel Grade | Standard | Description |
|---|---|---|
| E36-4 | Historical French designation | Original grade requiring verification |
| S355JR | EN 10025-2 | Structural steel with specified impact requirements |
| S355J0 | EN 10025-2 | Structural steel with impact requirements at 0°C |
| S355J2 | EN 10025-2 | Structural steel with impact requirements at -20°C |
| S355K2 | EN 10025-2 | Structural steel with higher specified impact energy at -20°C |
| ASTM A572 Grade 50 | ASTM A572/A572M | High-strength, low-alloy structural steel |
| ASTM A709 Grade 50 | ASTM A709/A709M | Structural steel used particularly in certain bridge applications |
These grades are comparison references, not certified direct equivalents. Selection must consider mechanical strength, toughness, chemical composition, thickness and operating conditions.
Possible Alternative Grades
Depending on project requirements, the following grades may be evaluated as potential alternatives to E36-4.
S355JR: A non-alloy structural steel specified under EN 10025-2, commonly used in structural frameworks, industrial buildings and general fabrication.
S355J0: A structural steel grade with a specified impact toughness requirement at 0°C.
S355J2: A structural steel grade with a specified impact toughness requirement at -20°C, suitable for applications requiring improved low-temperature toughness.
S355K2: A structural steel grade with a higher specified impact energy requirement at -20°C compared with the J2 level.
ASTM A572 Grade 50: A high-strength, low-alloy structural steel used in infrastructure and industrial construction.
ASTM A709 Grade 50: A structural steel used in infrastructure projects, including certain bridge applications.
Replacement of E36-4 with any of these grades must be validated against the original specification, material certificates and engineering requirements.
Corrosion Resistance
E36-4 should not be considered stainless steel. Its corrosion resistance depends on its actual chemical composition, surface condition and operating environment.
In humid, marine, chemical or industrial environments, appropriate corrosion protection is generally required.
Common protective systems include:
Hot-dip galvanising.
Industrial anti-corrosion painting.
Epoxy coatings.
Polyurethane coatings.
Multi-layer protective coating systems.
Regular inspection and maintenance.
The appropriate protection system depends on environmental corrosivity, exposure conditions and the required service life.
Heat Resistance
E36-4 is not a steel grade specifically designed for high-temperature applications.
Prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can affect the mechanical properties of conventional structural steels.
For equipment exposed to significant operating temperatures, such as boilers, furnaces and thermal processing installations, a material specifically designed for the required service conditions should be selected.
Heat Treatment
Heat treatment requirements for E36-4 must be determined according to the original specification, manufacturing process and delivery condition.
Potential heat treatment processes include:
Normalising: May be used to achieve a more uniform microstructure where permitted by the specification.
Stress Relieving: Can reduce residual stresses following certain fabrication or welding operations.
Post-Weld Heat Treatment: May be required by particular fabrication codes or service conditions.
Controlled Cooling: Helps manage metallurgical transformations.
Treatment temperatures, holding times and cooling rates must follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and applicable engineering requirements.
Welding
The weldability of E36-4 steel must be evaluated using its actual chemical composition, carbon equivalent, thickness and metallurgical condition.
Common industrial welding processes include:
SMAW / MMA: Shielded Metal Arc Welding.
GMAW / MIG-MAG: Gas Metal Arc Welding.
GTAW / TIG: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.
SAW: Submerged Arc Welding.
Important welding considerations include:
Selection of suitable welding consumables.
Preheating requirements, where applicable.
Heat input control.
Interpass temperature control.
Prevention of hydrogen-induced cold cracking.
Welding procedure qualification.
Post-weld inspection and testing.
EN ISO 15614-1 and EN ISO 9606-1 may be used for welding procedure and welder qualification respectively, depending on project requirements.
Fabrication
Subject to confirmation of its actual material properties, E36-4 steel may be evaluated for various industrial fabrication processes.
Cutting: Mechanical cutting, sawing and thermal cutting according to material thickness and fabrication requirements.
Machining: Drilling, milling, turning and other machining operations using suitable tooling and parameters.
Bending and Forming: Cold bending or forming, subject to material ductility and recommended minimum bend radii.
Welding and Assembly: Fabrication of structural frameworks, equipment frames, supports and industrial components.
Surface Preparation: Shot blasting, abrasive cleaning and other surface preparation processes before coating.
Finishing: Galvanising, industrial painting or protective coating systems selected according to the operating environment.
Applications
Structural steels belonging to this general family may be considered for various industrial and engineering applications, subject to technical verification.
Construction and Infrastructure
Structural steel frameworks.
Industrial buildings.
Load-bearing structures.
Walkways and platforms.
Infrastructure components.
Oil and Gas Industry
Pipe support structures.
Equipment frames.
Secondary structures.
Industrial platforms.
Fabricated steel assemblies.
Mining and Phosphate Industry
Conveyor support structures.
Machinery supports.
Maintenance platforms.
Mineral processing plant structures.
Auxiliary equipment structures.
Petrochemical and Chemical Industry
Equipment support structures.
Industrial platforms.
Steel frameworks.
Fabricated components.
Power Generation
Power plant structures.
Equipment supports.
Industrial frameworks.
Auxiliary steel assemblies.
Contact Us